syllabus of Dravyaguna

2.3 DRAVYAGUN VIGYAN

Theory Two Papers– 100 Marks Each

Practical/Viva voice – 200 Marks

Lectures - 180

Practicals and Demonstration – 90

Paper I 100 Marks

Part A 50 Marks

1. DravyagunaShastra Lakshana and fundamental principles of Dravyaguna Shastra, General Introduction of Sapta padartha – (Dravya, Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka,- Prabhava and Karma.) Pancha padartha (Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka,- Prabhava),

2. Dravya Lakshana of Dravya, Panchabhautikatwa, Aushadhatva, Dravya Pradhanye yuktyah (arguments for importance of dravya). Classification of Dravya ,according to Chetan-achetan (living – Non Living), karya-karan, Utpatti (Origin), Yoni (Mode of Origin), Rasa, Virya, Vipaka, Prayoga (Use), Dosha karma (Action on Dosha), method of Dravya classification according to Brhattrayi and according to Taxonomy.

3. Guna Etymological derivation, definition and Classification of Guna. Detailed knowledge of Gurvadi and Paradi Gunas.

4. Rasa Etymological Derivation, definition, Meaning of “Rasa” in various contexts, 6 Rasas( Madhura, Amla, Lavana, Katu, Tikta, and Kashaya), Panchabhautik origin of Rasa, Nirvrittiviseshakramh (manifestation in general and particular), Ritu prabhava(effect of season ),Rasanurasayo bheda(Difference between rasa and anurasa) Lakshana (characteristics),Guna and Karma of 6 Rasa., Kopana and shamana of Dosha and dushya by 6 rasa, Rasaskandha, Effects of excess usage of Rasa. Perception of Rasa.(Rasopalabdhi), Presentational use of Rasa in diet and medicine (Rasa seven Kramah).

5. Vipaka Etymological derivation and definition, difference between Avasthapaka and Vipaka, Types of Vipaka, (Dvividha-Trividha,Panchavidha) Guna and karma of Vipaka, Grades of Vipaka( taratamya), Vipakopalabdhi hetu (Knowledge/Understanding of Vipaka). Differences between Rasa and Vipaka.

6. Virya Etymological derivation, definition and Nature of Virya, Numbers of Virya. (Dwividha &Ashtavidha), Panchabhauthikatva, Virya karmani, (Effects of Virya) General principles in determination of virya along with exceptions. Arguments for importance of virya along with exceptions

7. Prabhava Etymology and definition, Effects of Prabhava, Samanyapratyarabdha, Vichitrapratyarabdha, Arguments for Predominance of prabhava.

8. Interrelation of Rasa-Guna-Vipaka-Virya-prabhava with respect to their strength (balabal nirupana).

9. Karma Nirukti lakshana swaroopa and bheda of karma (Etymological derivation, definition, nature and types of action). Karma according to ancient and modern views. Define with mode of action of the following karmas with examples –

1.    Deepana

2.    Pachana

3.    Sanshodhana

4.    Sanshamana

5.    Anulomana

6.    Sransana

7.    Bhedana

8.    Rechana

9.    Chhedana

10. Lekhana

11. Grahi

12. Sthambhana

13. Madakari

14. Pramathi

15. Abhishyandhi

16. Vyavayi

17. Vikashi

18. Rasayana

19. Vajeekarana

20. Jeevaneeya

21. Balya

22. Brimhana

23. Langhana

24. Medhya

25. Kesya

26. Chakshushya

27. Varnya

28. Dantya

29. Hridya

30. Sanjnasthapana

31. Vedanasthapana

32. Prajasthapana

33. Sonithasthapana

34. Raktaprasadana

35. Shukrala

36. Sukrajanana

37. Sukrarechaka

38. Sukrasthambhaka

39. Sukrasodhana

40. Stanyajanana

41. Stanyashodhana

42. Mutravirechaniya

43. Mutravirajaniya

44. Pureeshavirajaneeya

45. Pureeshasangrahaneeya

46. Swedasangrahaka

47. swedana

48. Swedopaga

49. Snehana

50. Snehopaga

51. vamana

52. Vamanopaga

53. Virechana

54. Virechanopaga

55. Sirovirechanopaga

56. Asthapanopaga

57. Anuvasanopaga

58. Hikkanigrhana

59. Trishnanigrahana

60. Chhardinigrahana

61. Dahaprashamana

62. Shitaprashamana

63. Angamardaprashamana

64. Jvarahara

65. Shramahara

66. Shothahara

67. Swashara

68. Kasahara

69. Shoolaprashamana

70. Truptighna

71. Kandugna

72. Kushtagna

73. Krumighna

74. Arshoghna

75. Vishaghna

76. Sandhaniya

77. Vranaropana

78. Ashmaribhedhana

Part B 50 Marks

10. Description of the following classes(Ganas) of Dravyas depending upon their similarity, morphology, properties, action, class, and effects: -

a) Audbhida Ganas(Vegetable origin)

Brihatpanchamoola, Laghupanchamoola, Vallipanchamoola, Kantakapanchamoola, Triahpanchamoola, Madhyamapanchamoola, Jeevaneeya panchamoola, Panchapallava, Panchavalakala, Triphala, Trikatu, Trimada, Chaturusana, Panchakola, Shadoosana, Chaturbeeja, Jeevaniya gana. Ashtavarga, Trijataka, Chaturajataka, Katuchaturjataka Panchatikta, Amlapanchaka, Chaturbhadra,Trikarshika, Swalpatriphala, Madhuratriphala, Mahavisha, Upavisha, Knowledge of Agryoushadha Varga with example.

b) Jangama Ganas (Animal origin)- Ksheerashtaka, Mutrashtaka, Pitta panchaka.

c) Parthiva Ganas (Mineral origin) - Lavana Panchaka, Kshara dvaya, Kshara Ashtaka.

11. Basis of nomenclature of dravya, Basis and Derivation of synonyms. Ecology- Classification of geographical area (desha) and soil (bhumi), collection of dravya, Nature and quality of drug to be collected (swarupa of sangrahya dravya), Method of collection (Sangrahana vidhi), -Vegetable and Animal drugs according to part used. Period of collection according to virya, preservation of collected dravyas, Storehouse (bheshajagara).

12. Various impurities of dravya, their purification, Brief knowledge of,

adulterants, Artificial/synthetic drugs, concept of Substitution

(abhavapratinidhi dravya).

13. Brief knowledge of plant extracts, additives, excipients, preservative, food

Colours.

14. Ideal drug (Prashasta bheshaja), Use of different part of medicinal plants (bheshaja prayoga, prayojyanga), Incompatibility (knowledge of viruddhatwa), principles of preparation of Aushadha yoga,

Consideration of vaya, bala, linga, agni, dosa, dushya, vyadhi, koshta, deha prakriti, Abhyasa, satwa, desha kala and kalpana for deciding dosage of drugs (Matranishchiti).

Anupana vyavastha, time of administration (bhaisajya sevana kala), routes of drug administration (bhaishajya prayoga marga) Prescription writing.

15. Brief information about 6 Nighantus (Dhanwantari Nighantu, Shodala

Nighantu, Kaiyyadeva Nighantu, Madanapala Nighantu, Bhavaprakasha

Nighantu, Raja Nighantu,)

Paper II 100 Marks

Part A 50 Marks

1. Detailed knowledge of following drugs with respect to

Basonym of drug, Main Synonyms, Regional Name, Botanical Name, Family, classification of Dravya (Gana) as described in Charaka, Sushruta and Bhavaprakasha.

Habit and habitat/verities

External morphology

Useful parts

Important phytoconstituents

Rasa panchaka

Action on Dosha, Dhatu, Mala

Therapeutic indications-

Amaikaprayoga and Matra (Therapeutic administration and Dose)

Name of important formulations

Adverse effects and remedial measures

Shodhana (as required)

1.    Ahiphena

2.    Agnimantha

3.    Agaru

4.    Amalaki

5.    Apamarga

6.    Aragvadha

7.    Ardraka-sunti

8.    Arjuna

9.    Arka

10. Ashvagandha

11. Ashvagola

12. Asoka

13. Ativisha

14. Bakuchi

15. Baladvayam.

16. Bharangi

17. Bhallataka

18. Bibhitaka

19. Bijaka/Vijayasara

20. Bilva

21. Brahmi

22. Briungaraj

23. Bruhati

24. Chandanadvaya,

25. Citraka

26. Dadima

27. Danti,

28. Daruharidra

29. Dhanyaka

30. Dhataki

31. Draksha

32. Durva

33. Ela

34. Eranda

35. Gambhari

36. Gokshura

37. Guduchi

38. Guggulu

39. Haridra

40. Haritaki

41. Hingu

42. Jambu,

43. Jatamamsi

44. Jatiphal

45. Jeerakdvaya

46. Jyotishmati

47. Kalamegha

48. Kampilla

49. Kanchanara

50. Kantakari

51. Kapikacchu

52. Karkataksringi

53. Karpura

54. Katuki

55. Khadira

56. Kiratatikta

57. Kumari

58. Kupilu

59. Kumkum kesara

60. Kushmanda

61. Lavang

62. Kutaja

63. Lodhra

64. Madanaphala

65. Manjishtha

66. Maricha

67. Markandika

68. Musali

69. Musta

70. Nagakeshara

71. Nimba

72. Nirgundi

73. Palasha

74. Palandu

75. Pashanabheda

76. Patala

77. Patola

78. Pippali-pippalimula

79. Purnarnava

80. Rasna

81. Rasona

82. Saireyaka

83. Sallaki

84. Saptaparna

85. Sarpagandha

86. Sariva

87. Shalparni

88. Shalmali

89. Shankhapushpi

90. Shatavari

91. Shathapushpa

92. Shigru

93. Shirish

94. Shyonaka

95. Thalisa patra

96. Tila

97. Tivrut

98. Tulasi

99. Tvak

100.   Ushira

101.    Vacha

102.   Varuna

103.   Vasa

104.    Vata

105. Vatsanabha

106.   Vidari

107.    Vidanga

108.   Yastimadhu

109.      Yavani

110.       Deodaru

2. Brief knowledge of following drugs with respect to

Sanskrit Name

Botanical Name

Family

Habit (Samanya swaroopa)

Part used

Rasapanchaka

Indications

1.    Agastya

2. Akarakarabha

3.    Ajamoda

4.    Amra

5. Amragandhiharidra

5.    Ankola

6.    Aparajita

7. Ashvattha

8.    Asthishrunkhala

9.    Avartaki

10. Babbula

11. Badara

12. Bakula

13. Bhumyamalki

14. Bimbi

15. Bijapoora

16. Bola,

17. Chandrashura

18. Changeri,

19. Chavya

20. Chakramarda

21. Champaka

22. Chirbilva

23. Chopachini

24. Dattura

25. Darbha

26. Dhanvayasa,

27. Dronapushpi

28. Gandhaprasarini

29. Garjara

30. Gojihva,

31. Gorakshamajja

32. Gunja

33. Hismra

34. Hrutpatri

35. Indravaruni

36. Ingudi

37. Irimeda

38. Isvari

39. Japa

40. Jati

41. Jayapala

42. Jeevanti

43. Kadali,

44. Kadamba

45. Kaidarya

46. Kamala

47. Kankola

48. Kakamachi

49. Karanja

50. Karira

51. Karpasa

52. Karvira

53. Karavella

54. Kasha

55. Kasni

56. Kataka

57. Kataphala

58. Kharjura

59. Kitmari

60. Koshataki

61. Kokilaksha

62. Kumuda

63. Kusha

64. Lajjalu

65. Langali

66. Latakaranja

67. Latakasthurii

68. Madayantika

69. Mahanimba

70. Mandukaparni

71. Mashaparni

72. Mayaphala

73. Methika

74. Meshashrungi

75. Mudgaparni

76. Mulaka

77. Nagabala

78. Nala,

79. Narikala

80. Nili

81. Padmaka

82. Parushaka

83. Parasika yavani,

84. Parijata

85. Parisha

86. Parnabija

87. Parnayavani

88. Parpataka

89. Patalagarudi

90. Patha

91. Patranga

92. Pilu

93. Plaksha,

94. Priyala

95. Prishniparni

96. Priyangu,

97. Puga,

98. Putiha,

99. Putranjivaka,

100. Pushkarmoola

101.    Rajika/ Sarshapa

102.   Rohitaka,

103.      Sala

104.    Saptachakra

105.   Sarala,

106.      Sarja

107.    Satapa

108.   Shaliparni

109.      Shati

110.    Sharapunkha

111.   Shinsapa

112.      Snuhi

113.    Sringataka

114.   Surana,

115.      Svarnakshiri

116.    Tagara

117.   Tailaparni

118. Talmuli

119.    Taruni

120.   Tavakshira

121.      Tuvaraka

122.    Upakunchika

123.   Udumbara,

124.     Vamsha,

125.    Vata

126.   Varahikanda

127.    Vruddadaru

128.    Vrukshamla

Part B 50 Marks

3. Introduction, Guna, Karma and uses of following jantava dravya (drugs of animal origin).

1.

Kasturi

2.

Gorochana

3.

Gandhamarjaravirya

4.

Mrigasringa

5.

Bhunaga

6.

Mukta

7.

Pravala

8.

Shankha

9.

Shukti

10.

Shambūka

11.

Varatika

12.

Indragopa

4. Introduction, knowledge of guna-karma of following groups of Annapana varga:-

1.

Jala Varga

2.

Dugdha Varga

3.

Madhu Varga

4.

Ikshu Varga

5.

Taila Varga

6.

Madya Varga

7.

Mutra Varga

8.

Sūkadhanya Varga

9.

Simbidhanya Varga

10.

Phala Varga

11.

Shaka Varga

12.

Mansa Varga

13.

Lavana Varga

14.

Kritannavarga(Processed food)

5. Introduction, Definition & scope of Pharmacology.

Principles of general Pharmacology.

Brief Knowledge of following

Anaesthetics, CNS depressants, Sedatives, Hypnotics, Tranquilisers, Antipyretics, Analgesics, Antiepileptics, Antihypertensive, Antianginal, Antiplatelet, Hypolipidaemic, Haemopoetic, Coagulants, Bronchodialators, Aerosols/Inhalants, Expectorants, Digestants, Carminatives, Antacids, Antiulcer, Laxatives, Antidiarrhoeals, Antiemetic, Hepatoprotective, Diuretic, Antidiuretic, Lithotriptic, Antiinflammatory, Hormonal therapy, Antiobesity, Antidiabetic, Antithyroids, Oxytocic. Galactagogues, Contraceptives, Styptics, Antihistamins, Antimicrobial, Antibiotics, Antimalarial, Amoebicidal, Antifilarial,Anthelmentic,Antifungal,Vitamins,Minerals,Water imbalance and IV fluids, Vaccines, antivenom, antirabbies serum, Local anti septics, drugs in ophthalmic practice, Anti cancer drugs and immunomodulators etc.

6. Brief knowledge about WHOs “Essential Drug List”

7. Brief knowledge of Cultivation, Conservation of Medicinal plants and information about endangered species.

PRACTICAL

1. Detailed knowledge of identification of following drugs: -

(i) Kanda (stem) - Guduchi

(ii) Patra (leaves) - Swarnapatri, Vasa ,Kumari

(iii) Pushpa (flower and Parts of flower)- Lavanga, Nagapuspa,Japa

(iv) Phala (fruit) - Pippali, Madanaphala,Vidanga

(v) Beeja (seeds) – Eranda,Kapikacchu, Vidanga

(vi) Twaka (bark) –Kutaja,Arjuna,

(vii) Moola(Root)- Punarnava,Aswagandha

(viii) Niryasa (exudate) - Hingu, Guggulu,Mocharasa

(ix) Jangama dravya (animal origin) - Madhu.Ghrita

1. Collection of minimum 50 herbarium specimen from field visit.

2. Compilation of a drug not less than 25 pages

3. Concept based clinical study on single drugs (Minimum 5 from detailed and non-detailed list of drugs) in patients.

PRACTICAL MARKS DIVISION

1.

Compilation/Essay

10 Marks

2.

Herbarium

10 Marks

3.

Single drug therapy

10 Marks

4

Pharmacognocy record in Laboratory

10 Marks

5.

Drug identification

80 Marks

6.

Oral/(Viva-Voce)

80 Marks

Reference Books

1.

Abhinav Buti Darpan (Vol.1-2)

-

Vd. Roop Lal Vaishya

2.

Aushadna Vigyna Shastra

-

Acharya Pt. Vishvanatha Dwidevi

3.

Ayurvediya Aushadnkarma vigyana

-

Acharya V.J. Thakur

4.

Bedi Vanaspati Kosha

-

Prof. Ramesh Bedi

5.

Bhaishajyaguna Vigyana

-

Dr. Alakhnarayan Singh

6.

Bhav Prakash Nigantu (English)

-

Shreekanthamurti

7.

Bhav Prakash Nighantu

-

With Vd. Krishna Chandra Chunekar commentary

8.

Bhrinad dravyagunadarsha

-

Mahendra Kumar Shastri

9.

Classical Uses of Medicinal Plants

-

Acharya Priyavrata Sharma

10.

Controversial Medicinal Plants

-

Vd. G. Bapa Lal

11.

Dalhana Ka Dravyaguna Shastra Ke Kshetra Me Yogadana

-

Vd. Shiv Kumar Vyas

12.

Dravyaguna Kosha

-

Acharya Priyavrata Sharma

13.

Dravyaguna Sutram

-

Acharya Priyavrata Sharma

14.

Dravyaguna Vigyana

-

Dr. Gyanendra Pandey

15.

Dravyaguna Vigyana(Vol. 1-2)

-

Acharya Yadavji Tikram Ji

16.

Dravyaguna Vijyana

-

Dr. V.M. Gogate

17.

Dravyaguna Vigyana (Vol. 1-5)

-

Acharya Priyavrata Sharma

18.

Dravyaguna Shastrum

-

Vaidya G.A. Phadake

19.

Dravyaguna Vijyana

-

Dr. A.P. Deshpande

20.

Dravyagunavijnana basic Principles

-

Prof.D.S.Lucas

21.

Forgotten Healers (Indian Medicinal Plants)

-

Dr. Prakash Pranjape

22.

Glossry of Vegetable Drugs in Bhrittrayis

-

Thakur Balwant Singh & Vd. Krishna Chandra Chunekar

23.

Introduction to Dravyaguna

-

Acharya Priyavrata Sharma

24.

Kriyatamka Aushadi Parichaya

-

Acharya Pt. Vishvanath Dwidevi

25.

Materia Medica

-

Acharya Ghosh

26.

Nighantu Adarsh (Vol. 1-2)

-

Vd. Bapa Lal

27.

Pharmacological basis of Medical Practice

-

Goodman & Gillman

28.

Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics

-

Satoskar Bhandarkar & Ainapure

29.

Prayogatamaka Dravyaguna Vigyana

-

Dr. Maya Ram Uniyal

30.

Priya nighantu

-

Acharya Priyavrata Sharma

31.

Raspanchaka/Dravyaguna Siddhanta

-

Prof. Shivcharan Dhyani

32.

System of Plant Nomenclature in Ayurveda

-

Dr. Gyanendra Panday

33.

Text Book of Pharmaconogy

-

Trees & Valis

34.

Textbook of Dravyaguna

-

Dr.K.Nishteswar

35.

Unani Dravyaguna Vigyana

-

Hakim Daljeet Singh

36.

Useful parts of Charaka, Sushurut, and Vagbhata.

-

37.

Uttarakand Ki Vanaspatiya

-

Dr. Gyanendra Pandey

38.

Vanoaushadi Darshika

-

Thakur Balwant Singh

39.

Vanoaushadi Nidarshika

-

Dr. Ram Sushil Singh

40.

Vedic Vanaspatiyan

-

Dr. Dinesh Chandra Sharma